[Dataset from a study on] shifting from degenerative to regenerative farming: evidence from fecal sludge fertilizer use in Uganda

Abstract

To combat land degradation and climate change, agriculture must transition from linear "extraction and disposal" systems to a circular economy. Fecal sludge-derived fertilizer (FSDF) offers a restorative solution due to its richness in nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium. However, negative social perceptions and low marketability limit its agricultural adoption. This study evaluates the economic and market viability of FSDF in Uganda by analyzing farmer preferences for five fertilizer attributes, focusing on "residual effect" as an indicator of readiness to adopt circular economy practices. Utilizing a discrete choice experiment and mixed logit models to account for scale and preference heterogeneity, the study identified the most preferred attributes and key drivers of farmer behavior. The results reveal that farmers strongly prefer a long residual effect, and product certification. Significant preference heterogeneity exists, driven primarily by access to credit and membership in agricultural or non-agricultural groups. Notably, farmers are willing to pay the highest premium for a longer residual effect (USD 1.06), followed by certification (USD 0.29/kg). The estimated maximum total willingness to pay is USD 1.82, which aligns with current market prices, confirming that FSDF is commercially competitive. The study concludes that farmers are willing to transition from inorganic to organic fertilizers due to the high value placed on the residual effect. Large-scale FSDF production is commercially viable if manufacturers prioritize certification while maintaining organic integrity. Furthermore, adoption can be accelerated through targeted awareness campaigns to mitigate social stigma and by leveraging group memberships to facilitate knowledge sharing.