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ItemStrengthening youth involvement towards sustaining peace in Kampala Metropolitan Area(Makerere University, 2026)The study examined youth involvement in sustaining peace within the Kampala Metropolitan Area (KMA) of Uganda. The research was guided by three specific objectives: to assess the current roles and participation of youth in sustaining peace; to identify the challenges that hinder meaningful youth involvement in sustaining peace; and to suggest strategies and recommendations for strengthening meaningful youth involvement in sustaining peace in the Kampala Metropolitan Area. A convergent parallel mixed-methods design was adopted, in which quantitative and qualitative data were collected concurrently at a single point in time and integrated at the interpretation stage. This study was fundamentally grounded in Social Capital Theory and Youth Empowerment Theory to underscore its core importance. The study involved 278 respondents comprising community residents, youth leaders, local government officials, and civil society representatives. Data were collected through questionnaires, interviews, and focus group discussions, and analyzed using descriptive statistics and thematic analysis. Key findings revealed that youth involvement in peacebuilding was low to moderate (mean = 2.63), with only 16 percent of respondents affirming active youth engagement in grassroots peace activities and 27 percent confirming adequate youth representation on community peace committees. Major challenges included information asymmetry (71 percent), inadequate training (74 percent), and limited participation opportunities (69 percent). Respondents strongly endorsed strategies such as including youth in peace decision-making (82 percent), increasing government support (85 percent), and youth-targeted peace education (77 percent). The study concluded that structural exclusion, tokenism, and limited information access remain key barriers to youth participation in peacebuilding. It recommends establishing funded youth peace platforms at local government levels, creating a Youth Peacebuilding Fund, integrating peacebuilding skills into training curricula, and institutionalizing information campaigns. These measures are vital for building an inclusive and sustainable youth participation framework for peace in the Kampala Metropolitan Area.
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ItemExamining women’s involvement towards maintaining peace and security in Kampala Metropolitan(Makerere University, 2026)The study examined women’s involvement towards maintaining peace and security in Kampala Metropolitan (KM), Uganda, focusing on four objectives: assessing women's roles in promoting peace and security; evaluating the effectiveness of their involvement; investigating the challenges they face; and suggesting strategies for strengthening their participation. The study employed a case study design integrating qualitative and quantitative approaches, using purposive and simple random sampling to select 260 participants from community members, women leaders, government and security actors, civil society organizations, and development partners. Data were collected through questionnaire surveys, key informant interviews, and focus group discussions, and analyzed using frequencies and percentages for quantitative data and thematic and content analysis for qualitative data. Findings revealed that women in KM perform substantive and diverse roles in peace and security, most strongly in community dialogue and mediation, peace education, victim support, and early warning. Significant effectiveness outcomes, particularly in victim support, violence prevention, and trust-building, affirm that their contributions are impact-oriented rather than symbolic. Nevertheless, women face structural, cultural, and institutional barriers, including inadequate training, negative community attitudes, financial constraints, and limited access to decision-making positions. Findings further revealed strong community endorsement for a strategy framework centred on decision-making inclusion, public awareness, leadership training, gender equality policies, and NGO collaboration. The study recommends that the Government of Uganda strengthen implementation of the National Action Plan on UNSCR 1325 at the metropolitan level, strengthen women’s decision-making power, link grassroots women’s peace structures to formal security institutions, establish a dedicated Women’s Peace and Security Fund, and require women’s co-ownership in donor-funded peace and security programmes.
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ItemThe impact of conflating sex characteristics and sexual orientations on the right to education for intersex persons in Kampala(Makerere University, 2026)This study analysed the conflation of sex characteristics and sexual orientation within the LGBTIQ+ framework and how this impacts the right to education without discrimination for intersex people in Kampala. The specific objectives were to investigate how the conflation of sex characteristics and sexual orientation contributes to discrimination against intersex individuals in Kampala educational institutions, to analyse the nature of discrimination faced by intersex individuals within Kampala educational institutions due to their inclusion in the LGBTIQ+ framework, and to assess the level of awareness and understanding of intersex issues among educators, administrators and students in Uganda's education sector. The study adopted a crosssectional research design combining both quantitative and qualitative research approaches. The sample size of 384 respondents for the quantitative component was determined using the Krejcie and Morgan (1970) table, while for the qualitative component, a total of 20 key informants were purposively selected. For quantitative data collection, stratified random sampling was used to ensure that different categories of institutions and stakeholders including teachers, students and administrators were proportionately represented. The study utilized structured questionnaires and semi-structured interview guides, with quantitative data analysed using the Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS) through descriptive statistics such as frequencies and percentages, while qualitative data were analysed through thematic content analysis. The study found that confusion between sex characteristics and sexual orientation in Kampala's educational institutions fuels discrimination against intersex individuals, in line with findings from similar studies that highlight the role of cultural taboos, knowledge gaps, and rigid gender frameworks. This discrimination manifested as verbal abuse, social exclusion, and institutional neglect, with schools lacking formal guidance or institutional policies addressing sex characteristics and over 70% of educators admitting to having never received training on intersex inclusion. Intersex participants described experiences of stigma, social isolation and lack of support from teachers and peers which negatively affected their academic performance. These findings are situated within Queer Theory to explore how educational systems reinforce binary norms that marginalize intersex bodies. The study recommends that the Ministry of Education and Sports lead policy reforms that explicitly recognize and protect intersex students, integrate intersex-specific content into the curriculum, and mandate sensitivity training for all educators and school staff.
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ItemThe implementation of the prisoners’ right to vote in Uganda: A case study of Luzira prisons, 1995-2021(Makerere University, 2026)Although the Ugandan Constitution and a 2020 High Court ruling in the Kalali vs. Attorney General case guarantee prisoners’ right to vote, prisoners in Uganda have been disenfranchised in six elections, and there is no empirically grounded understanding of how their right to vote can actually be realised. Using Luzira Prisons as a case study, this study examined the implementation of prisoners’ right to vote from 1995 to 2021. Specifically, the study critiqued existing research methodologies in the implementation of prisoners’ right to vote; analysed the legal and policy framework; identified the challenges to protecting prisoners’ right to vote; and proposed a framework for its implementation. The study employed a qualitative case study design and was grounded in John Rawls’ Theory of Justice. Data were collected from 52 research participants, including 20 Key Informant Interviews with officials of the Electoral Commission, the Uganda Prisons Service, and other agencies, and 4 Focus Group Discussions comprising 32 participants from the Uganda Prisons Service. Thematic analysis was conducted using ATLAS.ti. The critique of methods revealed that most studies on prisoners’ right to vote rely on qualitative legal and doctrinal analysis, with few empirical studies from Africa. This underscores the importance of adopting multi-method, participatory approaches that incorporate prisoners’ perspectives. The review of the legal and policy framework indicated that sub-constitutional laws, such as the Electoral Commission Act, Cap 176, and the Prisons Act, Cap 304, do not address prisoner voting. Contrary to the ideals advanced by Rawls Theory of Justice and despite the Kalali Case, the legal gap has hindered the protection of this fundamental right. The study identified challenges, namely: logistical and operational constraints; security concerns about violence and unrest; legal and policy gaps; institutional attitudes marked by paternalistic beliefs; and a lack of political will. The study further established the absence of mechanisms to implement the right to vote. Using the Rawlsian conceptualisation of justice as fairness, the study proposes a “Fairness Incarceration Framework,” as an empirically grounded model that explains how the prisoners’ right to vote in Uganda can be realised. This model addresses legal reforms, institutional coordination, electronic registration, in-prison polling stations, prisoner categorisation, civic education, early voting, monitoring, and resource allocation. The study concludes that, although Uganda’s constitutional framework recognises prisoners’ right to vote, the statutory, regulatory and institutional architecture necessary to operationalise the right remains deficient. The study recommends: legislation to close the legal gap; the creation of guidelines for prison voting; a multi-stakeholder task force; and the implementation of the Fairness Incarceration Framework to realise prisoners' right to vote in Uganda.
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ItemBarriers and facilitators of small claims courts in the promotion and protection of the right to access to justice in the indigent persons: a case study in Isingiro, Uganda(Makerere University, 2026)This study examined the effectiveness of Small Claims Courts in Isingiro, with a particular focus on the challenges indigent individuals encounter when seeking access to justice through Small Claims Courts. Its objectives were to assess public awareness of Small Claims Courts in the promotion of the right to access to justice, and identify the key challenges faced by beneficiaries. Employing a qualitative research design with an exploratory approach, the study sought to capture the perceptions and experiences of various stakeholders. Data were gathered using purposive sampling methods through in-depth interviews and Focus Group Discussions (FGDs). Participants included local residents, police officers, local leaders, judicial officers, and small claims court litigants.The findings indicated that awareness of Small Claims Courts remained very low among the general population within the indigent persons in Isingiro jurisdiction. The study concluded that although the Small Claims Courts national wide have met the minimum regulatory standards, their capacity was inadequate to meet the needs of underserved communities such as Isingiro. It recommended strengthening awareness strategies and also making the already client friendly procedure more accessible to be effective.