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ItemAn examination of refugee influx and conflict in Bidibidi Settlement, Yumbe District, Uganda(Makerere University, 2025)The study aimed to analyze the influence of refugee influx on conflicts between refugees and host communities in Bidibidi Settlement, Yumbe District, Uganda. The study was guided by four specific objectives which were to examine the types and underlying causes of conflicts between refugees and host communities in Bidibidi Settlement; to assess the effects of these conflicts on both refugee and host community livelihoods, social cohesion, and well-being; to evaluate the effectiveness of existing conflict resolution mechanisms in addressing refugee- host tensions; and to propose evidence-based strategies for preventing and managing refugee- host conflicts in settlement contexts. The study adopted a mixed-methods convergent design, combining quantitative and qualitative approaches. A sample size of 802 respondents was selected using stratified random sampling, simple random sampling, and purposive sampling techniques. Findings of the study revealed that land disputes were the most prevalent type of conflict (45%), followed by competition for natural resources (32%), and cultural misunderstandings (23%). Regarding underlying causes, resource competition was identified as the primary driver (68% of respondents), followed by perceived inequities in resource allocation (57%) and cultural differences (49%). Correlation analysis showed a strong positive relationship between resource competition and conflict intensity (r = 0.72, p < 0.01). The study also found that conflicts have significant negative effects on communities, with 77% of respondents reporting reduced income opportunities. Regression analysis revealed that conflict intensity significantly predicted income reduction (β = 0.68, p < 0.001), explaining 46% of the variance (R² = 0.46). Additionally, 82.8% of respondents indicated decreased trust between groups, with correlation analysis showing a strong negative relationship between conflict intensity and social cohesion (r = -0.81, p < 0.01). Furthermore, 79.3% reported increased stress and anxiety, while 70.7% agreed that conflicts decrease agricultural productivity. With regard to conflict resolution mechanisms, the study found that joint peace committees were the most effective (65% success rate), though only 45% of respondents felt these mechanisms were accessible to all community members. With regard to the findings, the study recommends that the Office of the Prime Minister and UNHCR should implement integrated service delivery systems that benefit both refugees and host communities equally. Additionally, humanitarian organizations should establish participatory resource management committees with equal representation from both groups to address natural resource competition. The study further recommends that local government should strengthen joint peace committees by providing adequate resources and ensuring accessibility to all community members, including women and youth. Finally, community- based organizations should implement intercultural dialogue programs to address cultural differences and promote social cohesion between refugees and host communities.
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ItemFederalism as a viable means to realizing good governance in Uganda(Makerere University, 2005)This thesis examines the contention surrounding Federalism as a system of governance and its implications for peace in Uganda. The aim is to aid all stakeholders in the governance of the country to foster good governance for the enhancement and upholding of human rights principles and economic development. Chapter One covers the historical background from 1900-2005. It describes the political tendencies of the African leaders in the post-independence era. It describes how Uganda has gone through years of turmoil and misrule since the attainment of her independence on 9th October 1962. The role played by successive leaders in bringing about this situation and the Contribution of the NRM government to reversing the order is also discussed. Chapter Two deals with literature review It highlights the different models of federalism as well as its merits and demerits, and examines federalism, and discusses decentralization. Chapter Three considers the methodology applied in carrying out the study in which the following elements/aspects are considered in depth the area of study, population of study Research Design, Study instruments, validity and reliability of instruments. Interview Techniques, methods of Data Analysis and procedure of Data Analysis are also highlighted. Chapter Four looks at Presentation of Research Findings. It highlights the various responses given by respondents to research questions and computes them into percentages in order to facilitate the discussion of findings. Chapter Five covers discussion of findings. here the researcher discussed the findings from previous chapter in comparison to international standards in relation to Uganda's circumstances. Chapter Six deals with summary of findings, conclusions and recommendations as deduced from the whole study. It looks at other models from elsewhere in the world and suggests a way forward. The given maps in appendices are the various suggested boundaries of federal states by different proposers.
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ItemDisability and sexuality : a case of women with physical disabilities in Kampala(Makerere University, 2000)This study is about disabled women and the problems they face when they engage in sexual relationships with men. Uke everybody else, women with disabilities- have sexual needs and. deserve decent social relationships. However, quite often, their relationships are full of exploitation. Men do not want to be socially associated with disabled women. This problem is worsened when these women conceive. They usually raise their children single handedly This can be very challenging since they are usually financially unsound. It’s in view of the above problems that a sample of 50 women with physical disabilities (lame. visual and hearing impairments) was interviewed to find out the major sexuality problems of these women. The sample was purposively selected. The study employed a qualitative approach. Interviews and observations were the main techniques employed in gathering information. Findings and interpretations from the study is presented in table portraying percentages. These findings are exhaustively interpreted and discussed. Recommendations to enhance the social status of women with disabilities are also given.
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ItemLand tenure dynamics and women land access: a comparative study of the Luguru Matrilineal and Chagga Patrilineal Communities in Tanzania, 1800– 1990(Makerere University, 2023)Dynamics in land tenure systems have created contestations over land between men and women in Tanzania. The process has evolved women’s land tenure security particularly from colonial to post-colonial settings in many communities in the country. It is argued generally that women have a sound land tenure security in Female Based Kinships (FBKs) compared to patrilineal-based communities (MBKs). These two kinship social organisations have distinct models which govern their land tenure processes. The former being maternally-based, is considered to make it easier for women’s land access contrary to the latter. Through archival sources, semi-structured interviews and documentary analysis, the study has compared the Luguru matrilineal and the Chagga patrilineal communities to interrogate how their land tenure dynamics have shaped women land security. By aligning the discussions to the practices of land tenure systems, colonial and post-colonial policies in Tanzania, the study has established that, women land tenure security apart from patriarchal based perspective has evolved due to traditional and historical changes anchored by the colonial and post-colonial land policies and laws in the country. The introduction of colonial land ordinances--for instance in 1895 and 1903 by the German and the 1920s and 1930s by the British colonial states have been discovered to have their shares towards a gendered land tenure practices. The crafted colonial land ordinances, among other issues, subjected all land to the governors who had absolute powers over it. This marked the notion of ‘power centralisation over land which gradually deviated the traditional land tenure set up. The enacted policies facilitated colonial economic production and administration which altogether had their shares towards the genesis of women land tenure insecurity across matrilineal communities in Tanzania. Indeed, post-colonial land policies transformed the traditional land tenure practices in Tanzania. This was accelerated by the introduction of various post-colonial practices such as the 1960s-1970s Ujamaa policy, the 1990s National land policies and 1990s land formalisation processes. That being the case, this study has lensed women land tenure insecurity in Tanzania from other perimeters by comparing the dynamics of Luguru and Chagga land tenure traditions and their implications on women’s land access, control and power. As such, it is of good intention for land scholars, the government, policy makers and other actors to address women land tenure insecurity in the country from a wider traditional and historical evolutions apart from merely male-oriented perceptions bound the contemporary debates.
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ItemExamining community-based initiatives in conflict resolution: a case study of Canaansite Estate, Wakiso District(Makerere University, 2025)The study aimed to examine the effectiveness of community-based initiatives in conflict resolution within Canaanites Estate, Manyangwa in Wakiso District. Three specific objectives guided it: to identify the major causes of conflicts among residents, to assess the community-based initiatives employed in resolving disputes and their effect on peaceful co-existence, and to propose a comprehensive framework for effective community-based conflict resolution. A descriptive, cross-sectional, mixed-methods design was employed, using both questionnaires and an interview guide. Out of the targeted 234 respondents, 197 participated, giving a satisfactory response rate of 84.2%. The findings revealed that the leading causes of conflict included disputes over land ownership (mean = 4.21), lack of transparency in land allocation (mean = 4.13), youth unemployment fueling criminal behavior (mean = 4.08), frequent landlord–tenant misunderstandings (mean = 4.04), and unclear leadership structures (mean = 4.01). Other notable drivers were inadequate infrastructure and climate-related pressures. Community-based initiatives were reported to be effective, with over 80% of respondents agreeing that they enhanced peaceful dispute resolution, reduced reliance on external courts, strengthened trust in leadership, and improved security outcomes in the estate. Regression analysis confirmed the statistical significance of these initiatives, with the model explaining 32.7% of the variance in conflict-resolution outcomes (R² = 0.327; F (7,189) = 5.987; p < 0.001). Local leaders’ mediation (β = 0.198, p = 0.006), religious leaders’ involvement (β = 0.176, p = 0.011), cultural rituals (β = 0.165, p = 0.014), and elders’ wisdom (β = 0.148, p = 0.026) emerged as the strongest predictors of success. While community meetings, police–local council collaboration, and women’s associations contributed positively, their effects were not statistically significant. These results underscore that trusted leadership and culturally grounded practices are the most influential mechanisms in promoting lasting peace in the estate. Based on the findings of the study, a four-component framework was proposed, consisting of prevention (community sensitization, land documentation, and early warning systems), intervention (timely mediation by local leaders, elders, and faith-based actors), resolution (transparent dialogue platforms and fair agreements), and sustainability (capacity-building, recordkeeping, and inclusive participation of women and youth). The study therefore recommends formalizing mediation processes, empowering community leaders with negotiation skills, institutionalizing resident bylaws, and promoting stronger collaboration among residents, local councils, and security agencies.