Adoption of the Fourth Industrial Revolution in the Library and Information Services Sector: Implications and Prospects for Uganda

Abstract

The Fourth Industrial Revolution (4IR) is characterised by advancements in the business models, transforming library and information services. To systematically explore the impact of the 4IR on library and information services, a comprehensive literature review was conducted employing predictive analysis. This methodology involved a multi-step process beginning with the identification of relevant literature through My LOFT, Research4Life, and Google Scholar. Keywords related to the Fourth Industrial Revolution, library services, big data, artificial intelligence, and digital transformation were used to filter sources. This approach enabled the identification of key patterns, potential impacts, and future directions in the integration of 4IR technologies within libraries. Through this rigorous analysis, the review aimed to provide a detailed and predictive understanding of how libraries can adapt to and leverage these emerging technologies to enhance their service delivery and operational efficiency. Findings suggest that the 4IR technological disruption is distinct in its speed, scope, and impact on systems. Libraries from low-resource settings face unique challenges in adopting these technologies due to the digital divide perpetrated by economic constraints and infrastructural limitations. However, they have the opportunity to narrow the divide and enhance service delivery through innovative use of 4IR technologies. Despite the magnificent possibilities, there are some sceptics raising privacy concerns, job displacement, and the need for significant investment in human capital and technology. However, this study recommends that libraries must adapt by embracing flexible work models, leveraging mobile apps, employing AI and robotics where affordable, and investing in high-speed internet. The Fourth Industrial Revolution compels libraries to reimagine their roles, ensuring they remain vital in the trending digital dispensation. As such, library professionals in Uganda must stay abreast of technological trends, continuously update their skills, and foster an inclusive approach to technology adoption to navigate and thrive in this new era.