Solar energy potential mapping for green energy development and its impact on livelihood in Uganda

Abstract

In the realm of sustainable energy, the spotlight has turned to solar power as a promising solution with global implications (Hasan et al., 2023; Kabir et al., 2018). Eastern Uganda, characterized by its diverse landscape and energy needs, stands as an intriguing locale for the exploration of solar energy potential. This research delves into the intricate factors shaping the viability of solar energy generation in this region, aiming to pave the way for a greener and more self-reliant energy future. The energy landscape in Uganda is currently dominated by traditional sources such as hydroelectric power. However, these sources face constraints and environmental limitations. Thus, the need for a transition to cleaner energy sources is evident. Solar energy, being a decentralized and eco-friendly alternative, offers the potential to address energy access challenges in rural areas while reducing reliance on conventional sources (Shahsavari & Akbari, 2018). The region's climate ensures a consistent solar irradiance, but this potential is influenced by factors beyond mere sunlight intensity (Makkiabadi et al., 2021). Cloud cover, altitude, shading, and local weather patterns intricately shape solar energy generation. To comprehensively assess this potential, advanced mapping techniques, including geographic information systems (GIS), satellite imagery, and meteorological data, are employed to analyse the solar energy capacity within Soroti district in Eastern Uganda (Wong et al., 2016). Additionally, the region's diverse topography presents both opportunities and challenges. Terrain variations, such as steep hillsides, valleys, and forests, influence solar infrastructure placement and energy yields. This research closely examined the region's topography to develop tailored strategies for optimal solar panel positioning, accounting for shading and microclimates. Therefore, the research on green energy (solar) potential mapping in Eastern Uganda encapsulates a multidimensional exploration of a cleaner, more sustainable energy future. By examining solar resource potential, this study aims to provide a comprehensive roadmap for realizing the region's solar energy potential. Its outcomes hold the potential to drive tangible change in response to global climate concerns, ushering in an era of energy production that harmonizes human needs with ecological preservation.