School of Built Environment (SBE) Collections

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    Arbitration as an effective mechanism for resolving land disputes in Uganda: a comparative Analysis
    (Makerere University, 2026) Pande, Norman
    Land disputes represent a critical challenge to property rights, social stability, and economic development in Uganda, affecting approximately 33% of landholding households and imposing estimated economic costs of 5–11% of agricultural Gross domestic product annually. Despite the existence of a comprehensive legal framework for arbitration under the Arbitration and Conciliation Act (Cap. 5), and arbitration's demonstrated effectiveness in Uganda's commercial, construction, and oil and gas sectors, its application to land dispute resolution remains minimal. This study investigated the structural and institutional barriers to arbitration adoption in land disputes and assessed arbitration's potential effectiveness as an alternative dispute resolution mechanism in Uganda. The study employed a sequential exploratory mixed-methods design, combining documentary analysis of legal frameworks, policy documents, and institutional reports with in-depth qualitative interviews, direct observation of dispute resolution proceedings, and a structured quantitative survey of 55 participants drawn from across Uganda's four major regions. Qualitative data were analysed thematically using NVivo 14, while quantitative data were subjected to descriptive and inferential statistical analysis using SPSS 28, including ANOVA, chi-square tests, and correlation analysis. The findings revealed multiple interconnected barriers preventing arbitration adoption. Economic barriers were most pervasive, with arbitration costs – estimated at Uganda Shillings 2–4 million for standard proceedings – placing services beyond the reach of the majority of rural landholders. Institutional barriers included limited arbitrator expertise in land law and tenure systems, the geographic concentration of arbitration services in urban centres, and inadequate coordination with existing dispute resolution mechanisms. Legal framework gaps – particularly the absence of land-specific arbitration procedures – and cultural preferences for public, community-based resolution processes further constrained adoption. Notwithstanding these barriers, comparative analysis demonstrated arbitration's significant advantages: resolution averaged six months compared to 42 months through court litigation, and stakeholders broadly acknowledged arbitration's potential, with 63.6% viewing it as suitable for certain land dispute categories. The study's primary output is the Integrated Arbitration Development Framework (IADF), a structured, evidence-based model for institutionalising arbitration within Uganda's land governance system. The framework is organised around four interdependent pillars: legal and regulatory reform, capacity development and professionalisation, institutional infrastructure and accessibility, and quality assurance and public awareness. Key recommendations include amending the Arbitration and Conciliation Act to address land-specific matters, establishing regional arbitration centres, developing a national register of certified land arbitrators with specialised training in land tenure and customary law, integrating arbitration into court referral systems, and implementing public education campaigns to build awareness and trust. This research concludes that arbitration holds considerable, largely unrealised potential for improving land dispute resolution in Uganda. Realising this potential requires coordinated, simultaneous action across legal, institutional, economic, and cultural dimensions rather than piecemeal reform.
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    Field report on the proposed URF/PPDA head office development on plot 39 Nakasero road, Kampala
    (Makerere University, 2020) Asiimwe, Ivan
    This report contains construction and project management practices that the author participated in as Clerk of works/resident Engineer during the construction of Uganda Road Fund/Public Procurement and Disposal of Public Assets head office on Nakasero road in Kampala district. Chapter One; lays out an introduction of the project, aims of the project, objectives of the report, discusses the project back ground, project description, funders, consultants, Government advisor, contractor, project organization chart, and project scope. This chapter also discusses the author’s involvement on the project. The project was construction of a nine storey office block with three basement parking levels for URF/PPDA head office on Nakasero road in Kampala district. Chapter Two; discusses the project implementation and construction methodologies, introduction, contract and documents, work program and mobilization schedule, contractor’s establishment, execution of works. It discusses the project planning, mobilization and execution construction phases, methods and methodologies. Chapter Three is a discussion of the project management practices used during implementation and administration of the contract, introduction, project scope management, project cost management, financial forecast and appraisals, project time management, project quality management, site inspection and meetings, dispute and dispute resolutions, communication, cooperation and consultation, stake holders and contract details. Chapter Four; gives a general conclusion on the project occupation health and safety, health and safety considerations, regulations and standards, health, safety and environmental plan. Chapter Five; this chapter gives a briefing on the project benefits. Chapter Six; This Chapter discusses some challenges and how they were overcome, lessons learnt, conclusions and recommendations.
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    The role of Spatial Planning in Managing Peri-Urban Spatial Land use Conflicts in Uganda; a case study of Goma Division in Mukono Municipality.
    (Makerere University, 2026) Asiimwe, Sharon
    Land use conflicts present significant challenges to sustainable development particularly in rapidly urbanising peri-urban areas. Spatial planning is a critical tool in managing these land use conflicts by promoting orderly land use, balancing stakeholder interests and ensuring sustainable land management. This study assessed the role of spatial planning in managing spatially manifested land use conflicts in Goma Division, Mukono Municipality. A mixed-methods study design was adopted, integrating quantitative household surveys with qualitative interviews and spatial data analysis. Geographic Information System (GIS) tools were used to identify the spatial patterns of existing land use conflicts, Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS 26) was employed to analyse quantitative data and qualitative data was thematically analysed. A total of one hundred (100) land-users and forty-one (41) local and institutional actors were interviewed to capture their lived experiences regarding the nature, causes and existing spatial planning methods for the management of land use conflicts. Key findings revealed that 53% of respondents had experienced land use conflicts, primarily resulting from rapid urbanisation and population growth (82%), poor enforcement of land use regulations (56%) and gaps in spatial planning interventions (23%). Spatial analysis confirmed that conflicts were concentrated in areas undergoing unregulated development. Although detailed physical development plans exist for some wards such as Bukerere and Misindye, their implementation remains weak due to limited institutional capacity, inadequate enforcement, and limited stakeholder participation. The study’s analysis showed that institutional fragmentation between planning authorities, local councils, and landowners has weakened coordination, while insufficient community involvement has reduced compliance with zoning and planning standards. The disconnect between formal plans and actual land-use practices continues to fuel peri-urban land use conflicts. The findings also highlighted the potential of participatory spatial planning when coupled with locally informed decision-making to mitigate land use conflicts and promote sustainable land use. The study concluded that spatial planning in Goma Division has yet to realize its full potential as a proactive land use conflict management tool. To harness spatial planning as a land use conflict management tool, there is a need to enforce detailed plans, strengthen institutional capacity and promote participatory planning to balance competing land interests and minimise ensuing land use conflicts.
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    Assessing the performance of Community based management in the Operation and maintance of Boreholes. a case study of Moyo District.
    (Makerere University, 2024-08-20) Anyanzo, Raymond Aduku
    The Performance Assessment of the Community Based Management is as a result of the conventional wisdom in policy circles that it is inappropriate to simply respond to people‟s need for easy access to safe water without considering consequences to sustainability and improved health. A simple “supply driven approach” is able to meet the needs of the rural masses in a speedy manner, but the users lack a sense of responsibility for the management of the water points (DeGabriele, 2002). In addition, the authors experience with hundreds of water user groups for over two years in Moyo in regards to the management of the water points. The challenge, therefore, is to assess the models‟ effect on sustainability in terms of operations and maintenance. A case study from Moyo District. The Performance Assessment used the existing data from the Water supply Database of Moyo District for point sources as a benchmark for updating the water sources inventory herein used for analysis. This database was redeveloped into a situational based database of the District. The Performance Assessment project entailed; making physical visits to all 1 point water sources, data collection, data validation, analysis and presentation through the use tables, graphs and figures. These updates mainly comprised of in-depth information such as georeferenced locations, year of construction, source of funding, ownership, current management and operational status of the point water sources.
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    Assesing the performance of community based management in the operation and maintenance of boreholes: a case study of Moyo district.
    (Makerere University, 2024-08-24) Anyanzo Raymond Aduku
    The core objective of this paper is to examine the performance of community based management in the operation and maintenance of boreholes in Moyo district. The above objective was achieved through the following comprehensive performance Assessment system encompassing two levels as follows:  Level 1 – Functionality of the existing water points.  Level 2 – Operation and Management of Water points focusing on the roles and responsibilities of the Water User Committees. This include mainly; monthly contribution fee, regular meetings, representations and women in key positions, the surrounding environment. The level of management as an indicator is used to communicate the assessment results. There are several unknowns, such as responsibility, commitment, good-will, how the intervention of water point affects relationships within a “community”, and the effect of key individuals on management.