School of Food Technology, Nutrition and Bioengineering (SFTNB) Collections

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Browsing School of Food Technology, Nutrition and Bioengineering (SFTNB) Collections by Subject "Anemia"
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    Determinants of anemia among pregnant women in Kiboga District
    (Makerere University, 2012-10) Naziwa, Ann Marjorie Mbule
    Background: In spite of the various intervention efforts, Uganda, like other developing countries, is plagued by high levels of anemia among pregnant women. Anemia levels among women of reproductive age, (15-49 years) is a matter of national concern. This study was carried out to assess determinants of anemia among pregnant women in Kiboga district, one of the districts in the central region of Uganda, with diverse cultural attributes representative of most ethnic groups in the country. Majority of the people in Kiboga are of the ethnic Ganda who are more inclined to an agrarian economy. Methods: This study was a single cross-section and descriptive survey. Anemia status of the pregnant women was determined by measuring their hemoglobin levels. Possible determinant factors including socio-economic characteristics, knowledge, attitudes, practices and food intake were assessed using a structured questionnaire. Results: The prevalence of anemia among pregnant women in Kiboga district was unacceptably high (63.1%). The uptake and utilisation of the public health intervention package against anemia in pregnancy was low with iron/folic acid supplementation at 13.2%, use of intermittent preventive treatment of malaria at 45.4%, and use of deworming medicines at 14.5%. Consumption of beans and other legumes was particularly high (92.8%) while consumption of red meats (58.6%) and organ meats (10.2%) was inadequate. Women from households that did not have a functional radio were 2.065 times more likely be anaemic (95%CI, 1.08 – 3.0) compared to women from households that owned a functional radio. There was little awareness and functional knowledge about anemia among pregnant women. Only 45.7% could mention any negative outcome of anemia and only 4.9% could identify any iron-rich food. Conclusion: The key determinants of anemia among pregnant women in Kiboga district were wealth status and ownership of a radio. Although anemia prevention and control interventions were being implemented in Kiboga district, there uptake was still low. Recommendations: Anemia prevention and control interventions need to be integrated with poverty reduction and social development programs for success. There is need to develop a comprehensive community based BCC strategy that doesn't only rely on radio but also engages other channels for communication and behavioral change.
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    Nutrition-sensitive determinants of anemia among women of childbearing age in Eastern Uganda : a secondary analysis to inform nutrition programming
    (Makerere University, 2024) Kiki, Finagnon Nathalie
    Anemia is associated with poor health status and poor birth outcomes among women of childbearing age. It is estimated to contribute to more than 115,000 maternal deaths and 591,000 prenatal deaths globally per year. Globally, in 2019 it was estimated that 30 percent of women 15–49 years were affected by anemia and in Eastern Uganda, the prevalence was 21 percent. In other areas, nutrition sensitive factors like…. are related to anaemia. However, the relationship between nutrition-sensitive determinants such as household women's dietary diversity, water sanitation hygiene, and anemia is less known. The study explored nutrition-sensitive determinants including; Household food security, Women's Dietary Diversity, and Water, Sanitation and Hygiene (WASH) conditions, in relation to anemia among women of reproductive age in Eastern Uganda. Secondary data from the 2019 Uganda National Panel Survey (UNPS) was used. Multistage stratified sampling was used to select 558 women of reproductive age included in the study. Anemia among pregnant women was defined as a hemoglobin value < 11 g/dL and non-pregnant women were < 12 g/ dL. Chi-square was used to assess the association between individual nutrition-sensitive determinants with anemia. The logistic regression model was used to assess the status of anemia, using R. Variance Inflation Factor (VIF) with values below 5 were indicated lack of multicollinearity among independent variables and retained in the logistic regression model. The overall prevalence of anemia among women was 18.3 percent (SD: 38.7 percent). In the pregnant women, the prevalence of anaemia was 24.3 percent (SD: 43.5 percent) and for non-pregnant was 17.8 (SD: 38.3 percent). The results revealed 24.4 percent of women’s households were food secure; 19% had acceptable dietary diversity, 94.3 percent had a source of water for drinking; 22.9 percent sanitation facilities, and only 7.3 percent practiced hand washing. The results show that only the Source of water for drinking: (χ2= 4.9893 p-value = 0.026) was significantly associated with anemia. The results from regression model demonstrated promising performance metrics, including the area under the curve (AUC) (81.2 percent) values. Women's dietary diversity (AOR =0.73; 95CI: 0.56–0.97), hand washing (AOR=0.72; 95CI: 0.14–0.91), pregnancy status (AOR=56.53; 95CI: 20.89–152.95) were associated with increased odds of being anemic while being wealthier reduced risk of anaemia (AOR=0.10; 95CI: 0.02–0.52) among women. The study findings of anaemia among women indicated a mild to moderate public health problem in eastern Uganda, and associated with several nutrition-sensitive determinants like women's dietary diversity, source of water for drinking, and hand washing practice.