Promoting sustainable transportation in Kampala Central: a legal and policy analysis

Abstract

The study analyzed the legal aspects, challenges and opportunities of sustainable transport in Uganda. The specific objectives of this research were to evaluate the effectiveness of international, regional and national legal, policy and institutional frameworks for sustainable transport. It aims to conduct a comparative analysis of the legal, policy, and institutional frameworks for sustainable transport between Kampala, Uganda, and other developing counties such as Mumbai, India, in order to draw lessons that can inform the enhancement of sustainable transportation strategies in Uganda. To investigate how unsustainable transportation affects the environment and evaluate alternative methods for achieving sustainable transportation, with the aim of offering suggestions to advance sustainable transportation in Uganda. Through a mixed-methods approach, including doctrinal research and interviews, the study examines the intricate interplay of legal frameworks, policies, and institutional structures in fostering sustainable transport. The analysis of Uganda's legal, policy, and institutional framework on sustainable transport reveals a foundation for promoting sustainable development and environmental protection. The Constitution recognizes citizens' right to a clean environment, supported by various environmental laws and policies. However, challenges persist in implementing these regulations, particularly in densely populated areas like Kampala. The transport sector, a major environmental threat in Kampala, necessitates focused efforts to mitigate its impact. To address these challenges, the study proposes specific measures, including enacting laws favoring non-motorized transport, implementing the Clean Air Act, promoting cleaner vehicles, and providing investment incentives for sustainable transportation. While acknowledging Uganda's progress, the conclusion emphasizes the need for continuous improvement, particularly in strengthening the legal and institutional framework for sustainable transport. Recommendations include developing an urban transport policy, streamlining institutional functions, and offering incentives to attract investments in sustainable transportation. The collaborative effort of all stakeholders is deemed crucial in realizing the significant role of the transport sector in achieving sustainable development.