Stigmatization, Generalised Anxiety Disorder (GAD) and depression among epileptic adolescents

Abstract

Adolescent is a developmental stage that poses more challenges. This study aims to address the gap in existing literature by investigating the association between stigmatization, Generalized Anxiety Disorder (GAD), and depression among epileptic adolescents. The correlational research design was applied using the quantitative method. In this study, we employed the following research methods to gain a comprehensive understanding of these interrelated factors. To quantify the extent and patterns of stigmatization, GAD, and depression among epileptic adolescents, a total number 169 participants selected through convenience sampling from Gulu regional referral hospital and administered a series of standardized questionnaires and psychological assessments. We analyzed the data using statistical techniques, such as regression analysis and correlation analysis, to explore the relationships between these variables. Stigmatization was measured using the stigma scale, while GAD and depression were assessed using the Structured Clinical Interview for DSM-5 (SCID-V). Data analysis was conducted using SPSS version 23. The results indicated significant associations between stigmatization and both depression (χ2 (1, n = 170) = .401, p < 0.03) and GAD (χ2 (1, n = 170) = .954, p < 0.04). Additionally, a significant association was found between depression and GAD (χ2 (1, n = 170) = .085, p < 0.04). Notably, GAD was identified as a significant mediator in the relationship between stigmatization and depression among epileptic adolescents (b = .49, SE = .038, 95% CI = .158, .019). These findings indicate that depression and anxiety are prevalent among adolescents with seizure disorders. Consequently, there is a pressing need to adopt a holistic approach to the detection and intervention of these disorders in epileptic adolescents. The results emphasize the importance of recognizing and addressing stigmatization, anxiety, and depression in this vulnerable population. The findings underscore the need for comprehensive interventions that encompass early detection, appropriate intervention strategies, and the provision of adequate support services for epileptic adolescents. Future research should further explore effective interventions to improve the overall well-being and mental health outcomes of adolescents with epilepsy.