Depression, anxiety, peer pressure and substance use among Makerere University students

Abstract

Increased substance use among university students post COVID 19 pandemic has become a key public health issue because of its increasing health and educational consequences. As a way of coping with depression and anxiety, students through peer groups often engage in substance use. The study therefore investigated the relationship between depression, anxiety, peer pressure and substance use among Makerere University students post COVID 19 pandemics. A quantitative approach using cross-section and correlational designs was employed and the participants were 452 undergraduate students of Makerere University. Data was collected using standardized questionnaires. Pearson Correlation Coefficient and Process Micro analysis in SPSS was done to test the hypotheses. Results indicated high levels of Depression (7% with severe depressive symptoms), Anxiety (13.2% with severe anxiety symptoms) and Substance use (7% use on a daily or weekly basis) among students. Significant relationships were found between Depression and Anxiety, Depression and Peer pressure, Anxiety and Peer pressure, Depression and Substance use among others. In conclusion, students had symptoms of depression and anxiety thus had a likelihood of increase in levels of substance use. If mental health in the university is not checked, there is likelihood of increase in cases of decline in academic performances and addiction. University should encourage students to attend and seek help to manage mental health challenges at the university counselling and guidance center.