Laboratory predictors of Cholelithiasis in Patients with Sickle cell Anaemia.

Abstract

Key words: Sickle Cell,Cholelithiasis , Laboratory predictors Cholelithiasis is a common clinical condition among Ugandan sicklers. This study examined laboratory indices which may be useful in predicting those patients likely to develop gall stones. A case control study was conducted for four months at the Sickle Cell Clinic in upper Mulago Hospital. The role of biochemical (serum; Bilirubin- Total and Direct, Alkaline phosphate, Cholesterol and Transaminases) and haematological gallstones was assessed. Cases were defined as those sicklers with gallstones or biliary sludge and controls as those without. A total of 94 patients were recruited and were stratified into three Age groups (3-10,11-20 and 21 and above years). A gallstone prevalence of 41.5% was found. Thirty seven cases and an equal number of control were enrolled from the above total.There was no statistically significant difference in mean laboratory indices between cases and controls in each age group. Using ROC curves, significant correlation was found between elevated total and direct serum bilirubin in the 3-10 year age group. The correlation between elevated alkaline phosphatase, reticulocyte counts and the presence of gallstones was statistically significant in those patients aged 21 years and above. This study has shown that some laboratory indices are useful in predicting SCA patients who are likely to have or develop gallstones.