College of Agricultural and Environmental Sciences (CAES)

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Browsing College of Agricultural and Environmental Sciences (CAES) by Author "Abwoli, Y. Banana"
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    Attitudes of local communities towards forest management practices in Uganda: the case of Budongo Forest Reserve
    ( 1998) Obua, Joseph ; Abwoli, Y. Banana ; Turyahabwe, N.
    Positive attitudes of local communities towards forest management practices are an essential prerequisite for local participation in forest management. In Budongo Forest Reserve, local communities have negative attitudes towards forest management practices because of the strict rules on forest resource utilization. For a long time local people have had restricted access to extract traditional non-timber forest products from Budongo Forest Reserve and were not given timber-felling licenses. This denied them the benefits of timber business and resulted in mistrust, antagonism and conflicts with the Forest Department. A study of 200 households showed the associations between socio-economic features of people living close to the forest and their use of forest resources and demonstrated the basis of attitudes towards those managing the forest. Since Uganda is going through the process of democratic reform and decentralisation of public administration, it is felt that local communities could be empowered to co-manage and benefit from forest resources in their vicinity.
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    Case study - Property rights: access to land and forest resources in Uganda
    (Oxford University Press, 2001) Gombya-Ssembajjwe, William S. ; Abwoli, Y. Banana ; Bahati, Joseph
    Property rights influence the incentives and the behavior of individuals within a community with respect to rules that each and every person must observe in his/her interactions with other people (Hallowell 1943; Bromley 1992). Tenure consists of a bundle of rights that an individual has in a resource (Bruce 1989). It includes the terms and conditions under which resources are owned, accessed, managed, and transferred. Therefore, the rights that users have affect the incentives for sound use or misuse of resources. Consequently, tenure must be taken into account when planning strategies for natural resource management.
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    Community-based forest resource management in East Africa
    (UFRIC, 2000) Gombya-Ssembajjwe, William S. ; Abwoli, Y. Banana
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    Decentralization of forestry resources in Uganda: realities or rhetoric?
    ( 1999) Abwoli, Y. Banana ; Gombya-Ssembajjwe, William S. ; Bahati, Joseph
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    Early detection of tropical forest degradation: an IFIU pilot study in Uganda.
    (Environmental conservation, 1995) Becker, Dustin C. ; Abwoli, Y. Banana ; Gombya-Ssembajjwe, William S.
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    Ecological changes following rules in use and anthropology: the case of Echuya bamboo forest, south-western Uganda
    (The Uganda Society, 2004) Abwoli, Y. Banana ; Tweheyo, M.
    At the time of reservation in 1935, Echuya Forest Reserve located in S. Western Uganda was dominated by bamboo (Arundinaria alpina Schum) vegetation. Presently, the bamboo vegetation is being replaced by hardwood tree species. In this study, we use both oral and written history to understand the rules in use and use patterns over-time to link rules in use to the observed ecological changes in Echuya Forest Reserve. We conclude that rules restricting setting of fires in the reserve, and rules abolishing harvesting of hardwoods have had an impact on the direction of vegetation and ecological succession in Echuya Forest Reserve during the last century.
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    The ecological changes of Echuya afromontane bamboo forest, Uganda
    (East African Wild Life Society., 2001) Abwoli, Y. Banana ; Tweheyo, M.
    Echuya forest reserve was gazetted in 1939 and was then mainly a bamboo forest with very few hardwood trees. However, the current ecological situation shows that hardwood trees are replacing bamboo. This study analysed the current ecological situation in relationship to past ecological changes and influences. Line transects were laid systematically at 1000m intervals across the forest in order to describe the current vegetation variation. Echuya forest has changed in size and composition from 1954 to the present. The area occupied by pure bamboo has decreased from 20.5% to 12.5%. bamboo-hard wood mixture decreased from 48.2% to 26.2% and pure hardwood stands increased, from 16% to 51%. It can be suggested that the exclusion of fire, herbivores and human activities after reservation of Echuya have gradually led to the conversion of the grassland~bamboo ecosystem into a hardwood forest ecosystem. Macaranga kilimandscharia Pax. is the major colonizing hardwood tree species. Most of the gaps are covered with heavy loads of Mimulopsis species climbers, which suppress bamboo growth.
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    Effective monitoring of decentralised forest resources in East Africa
    ( 2000-05-31) Abwoli, Y. Banana ; Gombya-Ssembajjwe, William S. ; Bahati, Joseph ; Kajembe, G. ; Kihiyo, V. ; Ongugo, P.
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    Explaining deforestation: the role of local institutions in Ugandan forests: a policy brief
    (UFRIC, 2001-08) Abwoli, Y. Banana ; Gombya-Ssembajjwe, William S. ; Bahati, Joseph
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    Farmers' adoption of rotational woodlot technology in Kigorobya Sub-County of Hoima District, Western Uganda
    (Ethnobotany Research & Applications, 2008) Buyinza, Mukadasi ; Abwoli, Y. Banana ; Nabanoga, G. ; Ntakimanye, A.
    This paper evaluates, using logistic and multiple regression analyses, the socio-economic factors that influence farmers’ decisions to adopt rotational woodlot technology in the farming systems of Uganda, based on a household survey carried out between May and December 2004, involving 120 farmers in Kigorobya sub-county, Hoima district. The analyses demonstrate that farmers make decisions about woodlot technology based on the household and field characteristics. The factors that significantly influenced the decision to adopt rotational woodlot technology included: gender, tree tenure security, seed supply, contact with extension and research agencies, soil erosion index, size of landholding, fuelwood scarcity, and main source of family income. To promote greater adoption of rotational woodlot technology, particular attention should be placed on the use of appropriate socioeconomic characterization, to better target technologies to areas with greater adoption potential.
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    Firewood consumption around Budongo forest reserve in western Uganda
    (MUARIK, 1998) Abwoli, Y. Banana ; Turiho-Habwe, G.
    Wood fuel is renewable, but its consumption can not be sustained when the rate of harvesting exceeds the growth rate. Per capita consumption of firewood was 0.7 cubic metres in Masindi and 0.6 cubic metres in Hoima district. Sex, family size, and age influenced the levels offuelwood consumption. Willingness to participate in communal management of forest resources was influenced by sex and age. It is recommendcd that conservation of fuelwood resources be encouraged by introducing efficient cooking stoves and other energy saving measures. In addition, communities should be encouraged and facilitated to plant woodlots so as to reduce their dependance on fuelwood resources from communal and government forest reserves.
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    The impact of population density on forest management and use in Uganda
    ( 1997) Abwoli, Y. Banana ; Kaboggoza, R. S. ; Orone, P ; Ssengendo, D. C. ; Aluma, J. R. ; Byarugaba, S. R. ; Atiku, J.
    To investigate the relationship between population density and forest management and use in Uganda, this study focuses on agricultural communities in four districts representing contrasting population levels, forest resources and relationships between forest cover and population density. The fieldwork, conducted in June - October 1996, employed a variety of data-collection methods, including interviews with local authorities and community members and a simplified version of participatory rural appraisal techniques. The majority of respondents planted trees for fuelwood, poles and fruits, mainly for subsistence use. Generating income from trees was not a major objective. Most farmers in the study communities were poor and had little education. Respondents reported having little knowledge on tree-planting practices, and they lacked planting materials. Population density was found to be negatively related to the size and number of landholdings, to long-term land acquisition and to tree-planting activity, whereas it was positively associated with land fragmentation and land disputes. Short-term access to land, and conditional access in the case of women, discourages the planting of trees, which mature slowly. Land fragmentation increases the distances that farmers must travel to reach their parcels of land, and the long distances prevent farmers from tending to planted trees effectively. Thus, Uganda's high population density, which is likely to increase, appears to be having an adverse effect on forest management.
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    Integrating remote sensing data and rapid appraisals for land-cover change analyses in Uganda
    (John Wiley & Sons, Ltd., 2005-08-05) Vogt, N. ; Bahati, Joseph ; Unruh, J. ; Green, G. ; Abwoli, Y. Banana ; Gombya-Ssembajjwe, William S. ; Sweeney, S.
    Rapid population growth, unsustainable land use, and a pervasively degrading landscape are components of a dominant paradigm regarding African development. While recent work articulating the 'misreading' of the African landscape have begun to challenge this paradigm, much work remains regarding the pervasiveness and character of this misread. A method is presented for investigating mechanisms of land-cover change that combines remotely sensed data, archival data, and rapid appraisals in a way less influenced by dominant paradigms.We present a case where increasing human activity is resulting in accumulationof woody biomass on edaphic grasslands of a forest-grassland mosaic, rather than the expansion of grasslands at the expense of forests as is currently understood in that area. These increases in biomass are stimulated by anthropogenic influences that are shaped by institutional and edaphic factors. We do not claim that resources are being pervasively enhanced across sub-Saharan Africa under conditions of population growth, but that there may be many mechanisms of change, resulting in both degradation and enhancement, occurring simultaneously across sub-Saharan Africa or even intra-regionally within a nation under these conditions. The integration and application of these methods serve to improve applied analyses of land-cover change to better characterize these mechanisms, and avoid the wrong policy prescriptions. Copyright (Q 2005 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
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    Integrating remote sensing data and rapid appraisals for land-cover change analyses in Uganda
    (John Wiley & Sons, 2005) Vogt, N. ; Green, G. ; Unruh, J. ; Abwoli, Y. Banana ; Gombya-Ssembajjwe, William S. ; Sweeney, S. ; Bahati, Joseph
    Rapid population growth, unsustainable land use, and a pervasively degrading landscape are components of a dominant paradigm regarding African development. While recent work articulating the 'misreading' of the African landscape have begun to challenge this paradigm, much work remains regarding the pervasiveness and character of this misread. A method is presented for investigating mechanisms of land-cover change that combines remotely sensed data, archival data, and rapid appraisals in a way less influenced by dominant paradigms. We present a case where increasing human activity is resulting in accumulation of woody biomass on edaphic grasslands of a forest-grassland mosaic, rather than the expansion of grasslands at the expense of forests as is currently understood in that area. These increases in biomass are stimulated by anthropogenic influences that are shaped by institutional and edaphic factors. We do not claim that resources are being pervasively enhanced across sub-Saharan Africa under conditions of population growth, but that there may be many mechanisms of change, resulting in both degradation and enhancement, occurring simultaneously across sub-Saharan Africa or even intra-regionally within a nation under these conditions. The integration and application of these methods serve to improve applied analyses of land-cover change to better characterize these mechanisms, and avoid the wrong policy prescriptions.
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    Local governance and forest conditions: The case of forests in Mpigi District of Uganda
    ( 2004-04) Abwoli, Y. Banana ; Vogt, Nathan D. ; Gombya-Ssembajjwe, William S. ; Bahati, Joseph
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    Managing Uganda's forests in the face of uncertainty and competing demands: what is the precautionary approach?
    (Earthscan in the UK and USA, 2005) Abwoli, Y. Banana ; Cooney, Rosie ; Dickson, Barney
    The sustainable management of forests in Uganda, and elsewhere in the developing world, presents a great challenge not only for forest managers but also for policy-makers. This is because forest ecosystems are complex, and yet the population is heavily dependent upon them as a source of energy, employment, livelihoods, government revenues, business opportunities, environmental functions and services (Republic of Uganda, 2001). Uganda is confronted with the problem of balancing forest conservation and forest exploitation. A major question being asked globally is: how can rural communities use their natural resources (community assets) to enhance community vit,ality, support sustainable livelihoods and improve their economic and food security, without overexploiting and degrading their resources?
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    National case study: Uganda
    (International Human Dimentions Programme, 1999-09-24) Abwoli, Y. Banana
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    Non-timber forest products marketing: field testing of the marketing information system methodology
    (Food and Agriculture Organisation of the United Nations, 2005) Abwoli, Y. Banana
    Despite their overall economic importance, studies have shown that the proportion of the final sale price of non-timber forest products (NTFPs) received by the local level of producers or processors is extremely small. The main reason for the low profitability of NTFP enterprises is the lack of an organized information system to help individual producers organize production and distribution, determine appropriate prices, select markets, follow supply and demand, or promote merchandise. An evaluation of the two marketing information system (MIS) field test sites in Uganda of the Forests, Trees and People Programme revealed that MIS had a significant positive impact on the two communities. The information on product sales was used in both communities to adjust production and stocking levels and product lines and, in the process, increase the profitability of their enterprises. MIS was also used to change product mix and to target different market niches. The impact of MIS seems to have been greater in the community (Masaka) that participated the most in the design of the system. They had the greater appreciation of the potential value of MIS.