Infectious Diseases Institute (IDI): Recent submissions
Now showing items 41-60 of 112
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Incremental yield of serial sputum cultures for diagnosis of tuberculosis among HIV infected smear negative pulmonary TB suspects in Kampala, Uganda
(PLoS ONE, 2012-05-22)Background: Sputum culture is the gold standard for diagnosis of pulmonary tuberculosis (PTB). Although mostly used for research, culture is recommended by the World Health Organization for TB diagnosis among HIV infected ... -
Clinical features and serum biomarkers in HIV immune reconstitution inflammatory syndrome after cryptococcal meningitis: A prospective cohort study
(PLoS Medicine, 2010)Background: Although antiretroviral therapy (ART) improves survival in persons with cryptococcal meningitis (CM) and AIDS, ART frequently elicits HIV immune reconstitution inflammatory syndrome (IRIS), an exaggerated and ... -
Integrating cryptococcal antigen screening andpPre-emptive treatment into routine HIV care
(Lippincott, Williams & Wilkins, 2012-04-15)Cryptococcal meningitis is a leading cause of death in AIDS patients in sub-Saharan Africa. Cryptococcal antigen (CRAG) can be detected weeks before onset of symptoms, and those who are asymptomatic but CRAG positive have ... -
Using a clinic based creativity initiative to reduce HIV related stigma at the Infectious Diseases Institute, Mulago National Referral Hospital, Uganda.
(African Health Sciences, 2012-06-02)Background: Stigma has been associated with chronic health conditions such as HIV/AIDS, leprosy, tuberculosis, Mental illness and Epilepsy. Different forms of stigma have been identified: enacted stigma, perceived stigma, ... -
Pharmacokinetics of antiretroviral drug varies with formulation in the target population of children with HIV-1
(Clinical Pharmacology & Therapeutics (Nature Publishing Group), 2012-02-21)The bioequivalence of formulations is usually evaluated in healthy adult volunteers. In our study in 19 HIV-1-infected Ugandan children (1.8–4 years of age, weight 12 to <15 kg) receiving zidovudine, lamivudine, and abacavir ... -
Lopinavir/ritonavir significantly influences pharmacokinetic exposure of artemether/lumefantrine in HIV-infected Ugandan adults
(Journal of Antimicrobial Chemotherapy, 2012-02-08)Background: Treatment of HIV/malaria-coinfected patients with antiretroviral therapy (ART) and artemisininbased combination therapy has potential for drug interactions. We investigated the pharmacokinetics of artemether, ... -
Effect of food on the steady-state pharmacokinetics of tenofovir and emtricitabine plus efavirenz in Ugandan adults
(Hindawi Publishing Corporation, 2012-02-20)We investigated the effect of food on the steady-state pharmacokinetics of a proprietary fixed-dose combination (FDC) tablet containing tenofovir disoproxil fumarate (TDF)/emtricitabine/efavirenz. Fifteen Ugandan HIV-1 ... -
Medical male circumcision for HIV/AIDS prevention in Uganda: the cost of disposable versus re-usable circumcision kits
(Tropical Doctor, 2012-01-01)We evaluated the cost implications of medical male circumcisions for HIV prevention when performed using re-usable equipment that is sterilized after each use versus using single-use disposal kits. In Uganda, a re-usable ... -
A Randomized controlled trial to evaluate the effectiveness of a board game on patients' knowledge uptake of HIV and sexually transmitted diseases at the Infectious Diseases Institute, Kampala, Uganda
(JAIDS Journal of Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndromes, 2012-03-01)Background: As the number of HIV infections continues to rise, the search for effective health education strategies must intensify. A new educational board game was developed to increase HIV peoples' attention and knowledge ... -
An Autopsy Study Describing Causes of Death and Comparing Clinico-Pathological Findings among Hospitalized Patients in Kampala, Uganda
(PLoS ONE, 2012-03-14)Background: Information on causes of death in HIV-infected patients in Sub-Saharan Africa is mainly derived from observational cohort and verbal autopsy studies. Autopsy is the gold standard to ascertain cause of death. ... -
Prevalence and factors associated with cryptococcal antigenemia among severely immunosuppressed HIV-infected adults in Uganda: a cross-sectional study
(Journal of the International AIDS Society, 2012-03-14)Background: Cryptococcal infection is a common opportunistic infection among severely immunosuppressed HIV patients and is associated with high mortality. Positive cryptococcal antigenemia is an independent predictor of ... -
The epidemiology and clinical correlates of HIV-1 co-receptor tropism in non-subtype B infections from India, Uganda and South Africa
(Journal of the International AIDS Society, 2012-01-26)Background: The introduction of C-C chemokine receptor type-5 (CCR5) antagonists as antiretroviral therapy has led to the need to study HIV co-receptor tropism in different HIV-1 subtypes and geographical locations. This ... -
Pharmacokinetic interactions between antiretroviral drugs and herbal medicines
(British Journal of Hospital Medicine, 2012-03-13) -
Low prevalence of pneumocystis jirovecii lung colonization in Ugandan HIV-infected patients hospitalized with non-Pneumocystis pneumonia
(SciVerse ScienceDirect, 2012-02-15)Pneumocystis jirovecii is an important opportunistic infection in human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)–infected patients. In the developed world, P. jirovecii epidemiology is marked by frequent colonization in immunosuppressed ... -
Artemether-Lumefantrine combination therapy for treatment of uncomplicated malaria: The potential for complex interactions with antiretroviral drugs in HIV-infected individuals
(Malaria Research and Treatment, 2011-02-14)Treatment of malaria in HIV-infected individuals receiving antiretroviral therapy (ART) poses significant challenges. Artemether-lumefantrine (AL) is one of the artemisisnin-based combination therapies recommended for ... -
Tuberculosis-associated immune reconstitution inflammatory syndrome: case definitions for use in resource-limited settings
(Elsevier, 2008-08)The immune reconstitution inflammatory syndrome (IRIS) has emerged as an important early complication of antiretroviral therapy (ART) in resource-limited settings, especially in patients with tuberculosis. However, there ... -
Palliative care in sub-Saharan Africa
(2005-08-13)We agree with Richard Harding and Irene Higginson (June 4, p 1971) and Anne Merriman and Manjit Kaur (p 1909) that improving palliative care services for people living with HIV/AIDS in sub-Saharan Africa is extremely ... -
Prevalence, incidence and predictors of severe anaemia with zidovudine-containing regimens in African adults with HIV infection within the DART trial
(International Medical Press, 2006)Objective: To describe the prevalence, incidence and predictors of severe anaemia in previously untreated symptomatic HIV-infected adults with CD4+ T-cells <200 cells/mm3 initiating zidovudine-containing regimens in Africa. ... -
Treatment of severe sepsis with Artemether-Lumefantrine Is associated with decreased mortality in Ugandan patients without malaria
(The American Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene, 2009)We enrolled 382 patients at two hospitals in Uganda in a prospective observational study of severe sepsis. Because artemisinins improve survival in murine sepsis models, we performed a post hoc analysis of the association ... -
The TB pandemic: an old problem seeking new solutions
(Blackwell, 2007)Meya DB, McAdam KPWJ (Infectious Disease Institute, Kampala, Uganda). The TB pandemic: an old problem seeking new solutions (Review). J Intern Med 2007; 261: 309–329. Tuberculosis (TB) continues to kill more than 2 million ...