Infectious Diseases Institute (IDI): Recent submissions
Now showing items 21-40 of 112
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Effects and risk factors for ebola outbreaks on the pig value chain in Luwero District, Uganda
(Makerere University, 2015-06)A cross sectional study was conducted in Luwero district in two sub counties Nyimbwa and Zirobwe which were purposively selected to determine the risk factors and effects of Ebola outbreaks on the pig value chain. A total ... -
Modern contraceptive uptake and associated factors among hiv positive women attending Soroti Hospital, Uganda
(Makerere University, 2015-07)Introduction: In SSA about 60% of PHAs are reproductive age women. HIV+ women continue to have unplanned pregnancies due to low uptake of MFP methods. Unplanned pregnancies among PHAs are associated with increased paediatric ... -
Factors influencing adherence to antiretroviral therapy among women initiated on treatment during antenatal care clinic in Kampala District
(Makerere University, 2015-11)Introduction: Transmission of HIV from an infected woman to the child contributes about 18% of new HIV infections in Uganda. In the bid to prevent this transmission, Uganda has adopted new PMTCT guidelines where all HIV ... -
Adherence to anti-retroviral ttherapy among HIV infected mothers on option B plus aattending the Upper Mulago post natal clinic
(Makerere University, 2014-06)Background: Over 90% of the children living with HIV in Sub-Saharan Africa acquire the infection through mother-to-child transmission (MTCT). Elimination of MTCT (eMTCT) of HIV could be realized by country wide rollout of ... -
Diagnostic Accuracy and Cost-Effectiveness of Alternative Methods for Detection of Soil-Transmitted Helminths in a Post-Treatment Setting in Western Kenya
(PLOS, 2014)Objectives: This study evaluates the diagnostic accuracy and cost-effectiveness of the Kato-Katz and Mini-FLOTAC methods for detection of soil-transmitted helminths (STH) in a post-treatment setting in western Kenya. A ... -
Sub-optimal vitamin B-12 levels among ART-Naïve HIV positive individuals in an urban cohort in Uganda
(Public Library of Science, 2012-07-02)Malnutrition is common among HIV-infected individuals and is often accompanied by low serum levels of micronutrients. Vitamin B-12 deficiency has been associated with various factors including faster HIV disease progression ... -
Developing independent investigators for clinical research relevant for Africa
(BioMed Central, 2012)Sustainable research capacity building requires training individuals at multiple levels within a supportive institutional infrastructure to develop a critical mass of independent researchers. At many African medical ... -
Impact of antiretroviral therapy on the incidence of Kaposi’s sarcoma in resource-rich and resource-limited settings
(Lippincott, Williams & Wilkins, 2012)Purpose of review Given the recent availability of antiretroviral therapy (ART) in resource-limited settings and the significant burden exacted by Kaposi’s sarcoma in these areas, we reviewed data regarding the impact of ... -
Evaluation of portable point-of-care CD4 counter with high sensitivity for detecting patients eligible for antiretroviral therapy
(Public Library of Science, 2012-04-19)Background: Accurate, inexpensive point-of-care CD4+ T cell testing technologies are needed that can deliver CD4+ T cell results at lower level health centers or community outreach voluntary counseling and testing. We ... -
In reply to `Empirical tuberculosis treatment or improved diagnostics?'
(International Union Against Tuberculosis and Lung Disease, 2012-02-16)We read the article by Lawn and colleagues with great interest. Atypical presentation and limited diagnostic capability in resource-limited settings lead to delays in treatment that could contribute to high rates of ... -
Adherence to antiretroviral therapy in HIV-positive adolescents in Uganda assessed by multiple methods a prospective cohort study
(Adis, 2012-10)Background: The effectiveness of traditional adherence measurements used in adolescent populations isdifficult to assess. Antiretroviral (ARV) adherence research among adolescents living with HIV in resourceconstrained ... -
Rifampicin for continuation phase tuberculosis treatment in Uganda: a cost-effectiveness analysis
(Public Library of Science, 2012-06)Background: In Uganda, isoniazid plus ethambutol is used for 6 months (6HE) during the continuation treatment phase of new tuberculosis (TB) cases. However, the World Health Organization (WHO) recommends using isoniazid ... -
Clinical spectrum, risk factors and outcome of immune reconstitution inflammatory syndrome in patients with tuberculosis-HIV coinfection
(International Medical Press, 2012)BACKGROUND: Here, we aimed to determine the clinical spectrum, predictors and outcomes of paradoxical tuberculosis-immune reconstitution inflammatory syndrome (TB-IRIS) in a resource-limited setting. METHODS: In a ... -
Chest radiographic findings of pulmonary tuberculosis in severely immunocompromised patients with the human immunodeficiency virus
(The British Institute of Radiology, 2012-06)Objective: We describe chest radiograph (CXR) findings in a population with a high prevalence of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) and tuberculosis (TB) in order to identify radiological features associated with TB; to ... -
Bronchoalveolar lavage enzyme-linked immunospot for diagnosis of smear-negative tuberculosis in HIV infected patients
(Public Library of Science, 2012-06-26)Background: Peripheral blood interferon-gamma release assays (IGRAs) have sub-optimal sensitivity and specificity for diagnosis of active pulmonary tuberculosis (TB). However, assessment of local immune responses has been ... -
Urban movement and alcohol intake strongly predict defaulting from tuberculosis treatment: an operational study
(Public Library of Science, 2012-05-02)Background:High levels of defaulting from treatment challenge tuberculosis control in many African cities. We assessed defaulting from tuberculosis treatment in an African urban setting. Methods: An observational study ... -
Significant pharmacokinetic interactions between artemether/lumefantrine and efavirenz or nevirapine in HIV-infected Ugandan adults
(Oxford University Press, 2012)Objectives: Co-administration of artemether/lumefantrine with antiretroviral therapy has potential for pharmacokinetic drug interactions. We investigated drug–drug interactions between artemether/lumefantrine and efavirenz ... -
Pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics of intravenous artesunate during severe malaria treatment in Ugandan adults
(BioMed Central, 2012-04-27)Background: Severe malaria is a medical emergency with high mortality. Prompt achievement of therapeutic concentrations of highly effective anti-malarial drugs reduces the risk of death. The aim of this study was to assess ... -
Comments on: predictors of immune recovery and the association with late mortalty while on antiretroviral treatment in Cambodia.
(Elsevier, 2012)We read with great interest the article by van Griensven and Thai, who report on the risk factors for late mortality after antiretroviral therapy (ART) initiation in a cohort of 2840 patients in Cambodia. The main risk ... -
Integration of HIV and TB services results in improved TB treatment outcomes and earlier prioritized ART initiation in a large urban HIV clinic in Uganda
(Lippincott, Williams & Wilkins, 2012-06-01)Background: The World Health Organization recommends that treatment of tuberculosis ...