The effect of tramp elements on the quality of reinforcement steel bars produced in Uganda. A case study of roofings rolling mills limited.

Abstract

Steel stands as one of the world's indispensable materials, forming the backbone of various facets of our daily lives, from critical infrastructure and transportation systems to the unassuming tin-plated steel cans that safeguard our food. This study delved into the impact of Tramp elements on the quality of reinforcement steel bars manufactured in Uganda, addressing growing concerns about subpar steel bar quality in the region. The objective was to illuminate the role of Tramp elements in mechanical failures within steel structures and propose a comprehensive framework to mitigate their concentration in steel bars. Conducted at Roofing Rolling Mills Limited, the study employed an experimental research design. The chemical composition was analyzed using spectrometric methods, while mechanical properties were assessed using the Universal Testing Machine (UTM). Additionally, the microstructure was studied to discern the effects of Tramp elements on steel, and a bending test was conducted to evaluate material ductility. Correlation analysis revealed a positive relationship between the presence of Tramp elements and both Ultimate Tensile Strength and Yield Strength. Concurrently, a negative correlation was observed between percentage elongation and Tramp elements. This suggests that, holding all other factors constant, an increase in Tramp element concentration leads to a decrease in percentage elongation. For Tramp elements exhibiting significant correlations with mechanical properties, regression analysis was performed to quantify their effects. The study culminated in the development of a framework, aligned with the Plan-Do-Check-Act (PDCA) cycle, aimed at reducing the concentration of Tramp elements in steel bars. This framework drew insights from both the research findings and existing literature, offering a systematic approach to enhance the overall quality of steel production in Uganda.