College of Business and Management Sciences (CoBAMS)
http://hdl.handle.net/10570/21
2024-03-28T19:46:52ZAbortion in Uganda : the neglected dangers
http://hdl.handle.net/10570/8176
Abortion in Uganda : the neglected dangers
Godfrey, Asiimwe
Abortion can be defined as an ending of a pregnancy by removal or expulsion of an embryo or fetus before it can survive outside the uterus. An abortion that occurs without intervention is known as a miscarriage or spontaneous abortion while deliberate methods done to end a pregnancy is called an induced abortion. In this paper, emphasis was put on induced abortion where globally 56% of unintended pregnancies end up in induced abortion. (Singh S et al., 2016). As of 2010-2014, an estimated 55.9 million abortions occur each year with majority from developing regions at 49.3 million (with a rate of 36 per 1,000) while in developed regions it stands at 6.6 million (with a rate of 27 per 1,000) (Sedgh G et al., 2016). Abortion in Uganda is illegal however the Ugandan Ministry of Health's 2006 National Policy Guidelines and Service Standards for Sexual and Reproductive Health and Rights gives a number of specific cases in which women have the right to seek an abortion, that includes rape, sexual violence, or incest, or when the woman has pre-existing conditions such as HIV or cervical cancer. It can also be performed by a licensed medical doctor in a situation where the woman's life is deemed to be at risk. 52% of all pregnancies in Uganda are unintended, and about a quarter of these unintended pregnancies end in abortion each year. It is estimated that 314,300 abortions took place in 2013 alone translating to 14% or at a rate of 39 per 1,000 of all pregnancies of women aged 15-49 in the country according to a 2013 brief from Guttmacher Institute. Unsafe abortion practices in Uganda have consequently led to around 5 million Ugandan women annually getting injured or getting disabled due to abortion-related consequences and 5.3% of maternal deaths occurring as a result of abortion complications. Abortion has also led to increased emotional risks which have a lasting negative impact on a woman. It is recommended that a clarification on Uganda’s abortion law and policies be done at all levels in all languages since this will raise awareness on the contents and the scope of Uganda’s abortion law among the medical community, the judicial system and women.
A presentation
2020-05-22T00:00:00ZAcademic achievement of Ugandan sixth grade students: influence of parents’education levels
http://hdl.handle.net/10570/1862
Academic achievement of Ugandan sixth grade students: influence of parents’education levels
Wamala, Robert; Omala, Saint Kizito; Jjemba, Evans
The study investigates the influence of a father and mother’s education on the academic
achievement of their child. The investigation is based on data sourced from the 2009 Southern African Consortium for Monitoring Education Quality survey comprising 5,148 records of sixth grade students enrolled in Ugandan primary schools. Students’ percentage scores in the health sciences, reading, and numeracy tests were adopted as a measure of academic achievement. The analysis was carried out using summary statistics and a multiple linear regression clustered by six geographical regions in Uganda: central, eastern, western, northern, southwestern, and North Eastern. In addition to father and mothers’ education, students’ test scores in the various disciplines were analysed by the characteristics of age, sex, rural-urban residence, grade repetition status (any grade), and length of pre-primary education. The results showed that the level of a father’s education required to predict whether the child will achieve better scores in all disciplines was primary education. However, a mother required secondary and post-secondary education to enable the child to obtain better scores in reading and numeracy, respectively. Much of the previous literature has suggested that children born to educated parents have higher academic achievement; the results of this study support this finding but also reveal a difference in the levels of a father and mother’s education required to predict their child’s achievement of better scores in formal education.
2013-01-01T00:00:00ZAccess of financial credit services to small scale commercial farmers in Uganda. A case of Bubaare Sub County, Mbarara District
http://hdl.handle.net/10570/10637
Access of financial credit services to small scale commercial farmers in Uganda. A case of Bubaare Sub County, Mbarara District
Atukunda, Racheal
This study focused on establishing access of Financial Credit Services to Small Scale Commercial Farmers in Bubaare Sub County, Mbarara District, Uganda. The study was guided by the following objectives namely; assessing the status of credit services available to farmers, examining the reasons for farmers’ participation and non-participation in credit programs, and identifying the factors leading to credit rationing of farmers by financial institutions in Bubaare Sub County, Mbarara District, Western Uganda. The study was guided by a cross sectional research design and the respondents included; heads of small-scale farming households, officials from credit institutions and officials in charge of agricultural finance from Mbarara District Local Government.
Among the observations made on the status of credit services available to farmers; the Ministry of Agriculture plays a dominant role in ensuring that farmers get credit services from financial institutions, there is a big number of lending schemes and institutions which provide credit services to farmers at subsidized interest rates, agricultural lending is associated with a number risks making it unfavourable for financial institutions, and Financial credit services in rural areas are dominated by small institutions mainly SACCOs and self-help groups which offer only small amount of money to farmers. In relation to farmers’ participation in credit programs, the study found out that; Farmers participate because they want to access loans from the credit programs to invest in agriculture, expand their existing income generating activities, save money as well as learning and sharing information on farming practices. However, their nonparticipation is due to; fear of loan defaulting, unsuitable loan conditions and busy schedules, leaving them with no time to participate. In relation to factors leading to credit rationing of farmers by financial institutions by financial institutions, the study identified annual income of the family in the previous year, Value of household assets including plants and animals as well as physical assets, Ration of formal outstanding debt over income, and Distance from the location of the financial institution as the factors leading to factors credit rationing of farmers.
The study made the following recommendations; there is a need to implement adult financial literacy programs, strengthening farmer cooperative organizations, which could provide a collective capital and social collateral for small farmers, Formal MFIs should be encouraged to substitute physical collateral for social collateral through group liability strategies, encouraging farming households to take on alternative livelihood activities, as well as finding market smart strategists to deal with challenges facing small farmers in accessing credit.
2020-02-01T00:00:00ZAccess to credit by small and medium enterprises in Kampala Central Division
http://hdl.handle.net/10570/6561
Access to credit by small and medium enterprises in Kampala Central Division
Namayanja, Hanifah
The role of the SMEs in the development process continues to be in the fore front of policy debates not only in developing countries but also in developed countries. The advantages claimed for SMEs are various, including reducing unemployment, improving the BOT position, increased tax base; and they may well become a countervailing force against economic power of large enterprises. More generally the development of SMEs is seen as accelerating the achievement of wider socio-economic objectives, including poverty alleviation.
In spite of the generally fast pace by which access to financial services for SME is being developed, significant segments of the SME sector have not yet benefited from the expansion and deepening of outreach. In attempting to gain access to financial services, SMEs continue to face many constrains. Thus this research intended to study the challenges faced by SMEs in access to finance.
The findings indicated that the constraints faced by SMEs were insufficient collateral (62.9%) High risk perception (20.3%) and Poor financial management practices (16.4%). on the same note the study identified that the coping strategies used to manage challenges faced by SMEs in accessing finance include; cost cutting, use of money lenders, reliance on family and friends support, negotiating increase in supplier credit periods, reducing receivable days, invoice discounting, bank loans and overdrafts.
Based on the study’s findings, it is recommended that the stakeholders should endeavor to provide financial information infrastructure, the government and financial institutions should also provide a good economic environment where SME’s are able to borrow at reasonable rates as well as friendly terms. It’s also important to train most of the entrepreneurs on simple financial management tips, to enable them make informed financial decisions.
A research report submitted to the College of Business and Management Sciences in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the award of a degree of Master of Business Administration, Makerere University.
2015-10-01T00:00:00Z